Are all types of bacteria harmful?

Bacteria can be broadly categorized into harmful and beneficial types. The correct choice recognizes that while some bacteria can cause foodborne illnesses or infections, many bacteria play essential roles in various processes, including digestion, fermentation, and even nutrient cycling in ecosystems. For instance, certain bacteria are used in the production of yogurt and cheese, contributing to food safety and nutritional value.

Most bacteria are harmless or even beneficial to humans, existing in our gut microbiome where they help with digestion and immune function. Therefore, the understanding that only a subset of bacteria is pathogenic reflects the complexities of microbial life and its essential roles beyond causing harm.

This clarity makes it clear that not all bacteria are harmful, contrary to the other choices which either misinterpret the nature of bacteria or suggest a simplistic relationship between cooking methods and bacterial safety.